Geometry Standard
NCTM Principles and Standards for School Mathematics
ÒInstructional programs from prekindergarten
through grade 12 should enable all students to –Ó
NCTM
p. 41
á
Analyze characteristics
and properties of two- and three-dimensional geometric shapes and develop
mathematical arguments about geometric relationships.
á
Specify locations and
describe spatial relationships using coordinate geometry and other
representational systems.
á
Apply transformations
and use symmetry to analyze mathematical situations.
á
Use visualization,
spatial reasoning, and geometric modeling to solve problems.
Pre-K
– 2
á create mental images of geometric shapes using spatial
memory and spatial visualization
á recognize and represent shapes from different
perspectives
á relate ideas in geometry to ideas in number and
measurement
á recognize geometric shapes and structures in the
environment and specify their location
3
– 5
á build and draw geometric objects
á create and describe mental images of objects, patterns,
and paths
á identify and build a three-dimensional object from
two-dimensional representations of that object
á identify and build a two-dimensional representation of
a three-dimensional object
á use geometric models to solve problems in other areas
of mathematics, such as number and measurement
á recognize geometric ideas and relationships and apply
them to other disciplines and to problems that arise in the classroom or in
everyday life
6
– 8
á draw geometric objects with specified properties, such
as side lengths or angle measures
á use two-dimensional representations of
three-dimensional objects to visualize and solve problems such as those
involving surface area and volume
á use visual tools such as networks to represent and
solve problems
á use geometric models to represent and explain
numerical and algebraic relationships
á recognize and apply geometric ideas and relationships
in areas outside the mathematics classroom, such as art, science, and everyday
life
9
– 12
á draw and construct representations of two- and
three-dimensional geometric objects using a variety of tools
á visualize three-dimensional objects from different
perspectives and analyze their cross sections
á use vertex-edge graphs to model and solve problems
á use geometric models to gain insights into, and answer
questions in, other areas of mathematics
á use geoemtric ideas to solve problems in, and gain
insights into, other disciplines and other areas of interest such as art and
architecture